VB6 PRO DOCS

中文

English

中文

English

Appearance

CommonDialog Class Module (VBCCRCommonDialog) ​

CommonDialog 类模块提供了标准的 Windows 通用对话框功能，包括打开文件、保存文件、选择颜色、选择字体和打印对话框。

属性 ​

基本属性 ​

  • CancelError - 取消时是否产生错误
  • Flags - 对话框标志
  • FilterIndex - 当前选择的文件类型索引
  • DefaultExt - 默认文件扩展名
  • DialogTitle - 对话框标题
  • FileName - 文件名
  • Filter - 文件类型过滤器
  • InitDir - 初始目录
  • MaxFileSize - 文件名最大长度

字体对话框属性 ​

  • FontBold - 字体是否加粗
  • FontItalic - 字体是否斜体
  • FontName - 字体名称
  • FontSize - 字体大小
  • FontStrikethru - 字体是否删除线
  • FontUnderline - 字体是否下划线
  • Min - 最小字体大小
  • Max - 最大字体大小

颜色对话框属性 ​

  • Color - 选择的颜色
  • CustomColors - 自定义颜色数组

打印对话框属性 ​

  • Copies - 打印份数
  • FromPage - 起始页
  • ToPage - 结束页
  • Min - 最小页号
  • Max - 最大页号
  • PrinterDefault - 是否使用默认打印机
  • Orientation - 打印方向

方法 ​

  • ShowOpen - 显示打开文件对话框
  • ShowSave - 显示保存文件对话框
  • ShowColor - 显示颜色选择对话框
  • ShowFont - 显示字体选择对话框
  • ShowPrinter - 显示打印对话框
  • ShowHelp - 显示帮助对话框

代码示例 ​

文件对话框 ​

vb
Private Sub ShowOpenFileDialog()
    Dim CommonDialog1 As New VBCCRCommonDialog
    
    With CommonDialog1
        .DialogTitle = "打开文件"
        .CancelError = True
        .Filter = "文本文件 (*.txt)|*.txt|所有文件 (*.*)|*.*"
        .FilterIndex = 1
        .DefaultExt = "txt"
        .InitDir = App.Path
        
        On Error GoTo CancelError
        .ShowOpen
        
        ' 处理选择的文件
        If LenB(.FileName) > 0 Then
            Debug.Print "选择的文件: " & .FileName
        End If
    End With
    Exit Sub
    
CancelError:
    If Err.Number = cdlCancel Then
        Debug.Print "用户取消了操作"
    End If
End Sub

Private Sub ShowSaveFileDialog()
    Dim CommonDialog1 As New VBCCRCommonDialog
    
    With CommonDialog1
        .DialogTitle = "保存文件"
        .CancelError = True
        .Filter = "文本文件 (*.txt)|*.txt|所有文件 (*.*)|*.*"
        .FilterIndex = 1
        .DefaultExt = "txt"
        .InitDir = App.Path
        
        On Error GoTo CancelError
        .ShowSave
        
        ' 处理选择的文件
        If LenB(.FileName) > 0 Then
            Debug.Print "保存文件为: " & .FileName
        End If
    End With
    Exit Sub
    
CancelError:
    If Err.Number = cdlCancel Then
        Debug.Print "用户取消了操作"
    End If
End Sub

Private Sub ShowMultiSelectFileDialog()
    Dim CommonDialog1 As New VBCCRCommonDialog
    
    With CommonDialog1
        .DialogTitle = "选择多个文件"
        .CancelError = True
        .Filter = "文本文件 (*.txt)|*.txt|所有文件 (*.*)|*.*"
        .FilterIndex = 1
        .DefaultExt = "txt"
        .InitDir = App.Path
        .Flags = cdlOFNAllowMultiselect Or cdlOFNExplorer
        
        On Error GoTo CancelError
        .ShowOpen
        
        ' 处理选择的文件
        If LenB(.FileName) > 0 Then
            Dim Files() As String
            Files = Split(.FileName, Chr$(0))
            
            If UBound(Files) = 0 Then
                ' 单个文件
                Debug.Print "选择的文件: " & Files(0)
            Else
                ' 多个文件
                Dim Path As String
                Path = Files(0) & "\"
                
                Dim i As Long
                For i = 1 To UBound(Files)
                    Debug.Print "选择的文件 " & i & ": " & Path & Files(i)
                Next i
            End If
        End If
    End With
    Exit Sub
    
CancelError:
    If Err.Number = cdlCancel Then
        Debug.Print "用户取消了操作"
    End If
End Sub

颜色对话框 ​

vb
Private Sub ShowColorDialog()
    Dim CommonDialog1 As New VBCCRCommonDialog
    
    With CommonDialog1
        .DialogTitle = "选择颜色"
        .CancelError = True
        .Color = vbBlack  ' 初始颜色
        
        ' 设置自定义颜色
        .CustomColors = "0xFF0000,0x00FF00,0x0000FF"
        
        On Error GoTo CancelError
        .ShowColor
        
        ' 处理选择的颜色
        Debug.Print "选择的颜色: " & Hex$(.Color)
    End With
    Exit Sub
    
CancelError:
    If Err.Number = cdlCancel Then
        Debug.Print "用户取消了操作"
    End If
End Sub

字体对话框 ​

vb
Private Sub ShowFontDialog()
    Dim CommonDialog1 As New VBCCRCommonDialog
    
    With CommonDialog1
        .DialogTitle = "选择字体"
        .CancelError = True
        
        ' 设置初始字体
        .FontName = "Arial"
        .FontSize = 10
        .FontBold = False
        .FontItalic = False
        
        ' 设置字体大小范围
        .Min = 8
        .Max = 72
        
        On Error GoTo CancelError
        .ShowFont
        
        ' 处理选择的字体
        With Text1.Font
            .Name = CommonDialog1.FontName
            .Size = CommonDialog1.FontSize
            .Bold = CommonDialog1.FontBold
            .Italic = CommonDialog1.FontItalic
            .Strikethrough = CommonDialog1.FontStrikethru
            .Underline = CommonDialog1.FontUnderline
        End With
    End With
    Exit Sub
    
CancelError:
    If Err.Number = cdlCancel Then
        Debug.Print "用户取消了操作"
    End If
End Sub

打印对话框 ​

vb
Private Sub ShowPrintDialog()
    Dim CommonDialog1 As New VBCCRCommonDialog
    
    With CommonDialog1
        .DialogTitle = "打印"
        .CancelError = True
        
        ' 设置页面范围
        .FromPage = 1
        .ToPage = 10
        .Min = 1
        .Max = 100
        
        ' 设置打印份数
        .Copies = 1
        
        On Error GoTo CancelError
        .ShowPrinter
        
        ' 处理打印设置
        Debug.Print "打印份数: " & .Copies
        Debug.Print "起始页: " & .FromPage
        Debug.Print "结束页: " & .ToPage
        Debug.Print "打印方向: " & .Orientation
    End With
    Exit Sub
    
CancelError:
    If Err.Number = cdlCancel Then
        Debug.Print "用户取消了操作"
    End If
End Sub

最佳实践 ​

  1. 错误处理
vb
Private Function ShowDialogSafely(ByVal Dialog As VBCCRCommonDialog, _
                                ByVal DialogType As Long) As Boolean
    On Error GoTo ErrorHandler
    
    Dialog.CancelError = True
    
    Select Case DialogType
        Case 1  ' 打开文件
            Dialog.ShowOpen
        Case 2  ' 保存文件
            Dialog.ShowSave
        Case 3  ' 颜色选择
            Dialog.ShowColor
        Case 4  ' 字体选择
            Dialog.ShowFont
        Case 5  ' 打印
            Dialog.ShowPrinter
    End Select
    
    ShowDialogSafely = True
    Exit Function
    
ErrorHandler:
    If Err.Number = cdlCancel Then
        Debug.Print "用户取消了操作"
    Else
        Debug.Print "显示对话框时出错: " & Err.Description
    End If
    ShowDialogSafely = False
End Function
  1. 文件过滤器构建
vb
Private Function BuildFileFilter(ParamArray Filters() As Variant) As String
    Dim Result As String
    
    Dim i As Long
    For i = 0 To UBound(Filters) Step 2
        If i > 0 Then Result = Result & "|"
        Result = Result & Filters(i) & "|" & Filters(i + 1)
    Next i
    
    BuildFileFilter = Result
End Function

' 使用示例
Private Sub ShowOpenWithFilter()
    Dim CommonDialog1 As New VBCCRCommonDialog
    
    With CommonDialog1
        .Filter = BuildFileFilter("文本文件 (*.txt)", "*.txt", _
                                "图片文件", "*.bmp;*.jpg;*.gif", _
                                "所有文件 (*.*)", "*.*")
        .ShowOpen
    End With
End Sub
  1. 自定义颜色管理
vb
Private Type ColorManager
    Colors(0 To 15) As Long
    Count As Long
End Type

Private CustomColors As ColorManager

Private Sub InitColorManager()
    With CustomColors
        .Count = 0
        Erase .Colors
    End With
End Sub

Private Sub AddCustomColor(ByVal Color As Long)
    With CustomColors
        If .Count < 16 Then
            .Colors(.Count) = Color
            .Count = .Count + 1
        End If
    End With
End Sub

Private Function GetCustomColorsString() As String
    Dim Result As String
    
    With CustomColors
        Dim i As Long
        For i = 0 To .Count - 1
            If i > 0 Then Result = Result & ","
            Result = Result & Hex$(.Colors(i))
        Next i
    End With
    
    GetCustomColorsString = Result
End Function

CommonDialog 类模块提供了方便的标准对话框访问。通过合理的封装和错误处理，可以方便地实现文件选择、颜色选择、字体选择和打印功能。上述示例展示了 CommonDialog 类的多种用法，开发者可以根据具体需求选择合适的实现方式。

VB6及其LOGO版权为微软公司所有

VBMAN 版权所有 © 2019-2025 邓伟